ESP32-based smart irrigation system integrating temperature, soil moisture, and pH sensors for automated watering control. The ESP32 microcontroller reads analog and digital sensor inputs via GPIO pins, processes environmental data, and drives a relay-controlled DC water pump through an NPN transistor driver stage. This architecture demonstrates sensor signal conditioning, power isolation, and closed-loop irrigation automation for precision agriculture and landscape management. Fork this diagram on Diagrams.so to customize GPIO assignments, add WiFi connectivity, or integrate cloud logging for remote monitoring. The voltage divider on the pH sensor exemplifies proper analog signal scaling for the ESP32's 3.3V ADC range.